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Dan Walter’s “Pop” Analysis Fails As History

towashington 089.gif By Bill Cavala
A veteran of over 30 years in Sacramento

In his column today, Dan Walters puts on his “pop” history hat. In a review of Bill Boyarsky’s book on Jesse Unruh, Walters is critical. Walters writes, “Unruh’s historic overhaul of the legislative process…led to the Legislature’s later dysfunction”.

Now that’s a startling statement. A sweeping generalization. What evidence does “pop” historian Walters have for asserting a degeneration in the Legislature after Unruh? And, if true, what evidence links that “later dysfunction” to Unruh’s reforms?

The “reform” was a full-time Legislature which proponents argued would produce a better, more responsive institution. “Initially the promises appeared to be coming through”, Walters concedes, but the moment was short lived BECAUSE:

1. The legislature saw a huge turnover of membership thanks to a court ordered redistricting plan that ignored incumbent’s preferences;

2. A Democratic wave – a response to Vietnam and Watergate

3. These new (Democratic) legislators were careerists drawn from Legislative staff;

4. These Democratic “careerists” elected Willie Brown, “whose tenure was marked by policy gridlock and scandal, culminating in a federal “sting” investigation.

5. Voters reacted to the “scandal” by imposing legislative term limits.

Well let’s see. First, the turnover due to redistricting in 1973 was no greater (and in fact less) than similar turnover resulting from redistricting in the subsequent two decades.

Second, I am aware of no study indicating that recruitment of legislators from staff was greater in the 1970’s than in the 1960’s or subsequently. Or that former Legislative staff were “more interested in careers than policy”. Walters may think so. He adduces no evidence. Was Bill Lockyer (a former staffer) less interested in policy than David Roberti?

Third, no mention is made of the pivotal election of 1978 which not only hamstrung the budgets of California subsequently, but elected a new breed of Republican who quickly seized control of the primary apparatus of their party. Their extremism and rigidity led to the gridlock that has characterized efforts to govern ever since – regardless of party of the Governor. Walter’s ignores this, blaming Democratic “careerists” instead.

Fourth, the federal investigations during Willie Brown’s tenure were the result of the Republican leader in the Assembly misusing the Justice Department for political gain (sound familiar?) Pat Nolan believed the whine of business lobbyists who told him they were ‘forced’ to contribute to Speaker Brown. He called in the Feds to find the evidence of that crime. But as Walters knows well, the only Members of the Assembly to go down were Republicans. Brown’s tenure had nothing to do with the conviction of various Senators and Senate Staffers. It’s why Walters uses greasy terminology like, “Brown’s tenure was marked”, as though some cause and effect were taking place.

Fifth, term limits were not imposed by voters reacting to scandal. It was bought onto the ballot by an LA Supervisor angry with Willie Brown. While Brown was invulnerable in his district and had managed to win dozens of Assembly elections where his black face, not that of the candidate, was made the issue by the Republicans, the thought was he could be ousted by an initiative with Republican, conservative and racist support. With the help of Pete Wilson’s late endorsement, the effort was successful in winning 51%.

“Pop” historians like Walters are really propagandists for the extremists who control today’s G.O.P. We have gridlock – not because the state is so large and heterogeneous – but because one major party has been seized by ideologues who view the failure of government as a goal. Want evidence? How about the fact that the Governor’s budget was held up for months by his own party? Or that the Republican Legislator’s won’t even participate in the Governor’s effort to resolve problems in our health care system.

This isn’t to argue that Boyarsky’s book on Unruh is right. Just that Walter’s uninformed view of history is wrong. Again.

Bill Cavala was Deputy Director of the Assembly Speaker’s Office of Member Services where he worked for over 30 years.

He attended undergraduate and graduate school in the 1960’s and received a doctorate in political science at UC Berkeley. He taught political science at UC Berkeley during the 1970's while he worked part-time for the State Assembly.

Cavala left teaching at UC Berkeley and went to work for Assembly Speaker Willie Brown in 1981 until his tenure as Speaker ended in 1995, and he has worked for his five successors as Speaker up to and including Speaker Fabian Nunez.

Mr. Cavala manages election campaigns for Democratic candidates.

Posted on November 20, 2007

Comments

I don't claim to understand every aspect of how the process works or doesn't work. However I do know a couple things. They always spend more than they take in. Many good bills pass through the Senate and Assembly only to be vetoed by one person. Many useless bills that require funding get passed. The tough stuff always gets moved to the next legislative year so nothing every changes.

The bills to clean up our justice system and protect us were all vetoed. They were all expected to pass because they are necessary, but the Law Enforcement Unions own the Governor. So it really doesn't matter what us citizens believe. We are just the ones who pay for everything and are affected by their political goals and quest for job promotions.

Our system is grid locked and just doesn't work. The majority should rule. Let that majority take responsibility for it's errors or successes. Then when things go well that party takes the credit. The same is true for their mistakes. Let them take credit. The mistakes are what will drive people to change the ruling party. The problem now is they blame each other constantly. I'm tired of partisan politics and this explains low voter turnout. People just give up.

Posted by: Morris1 at November 20, 2007 10:02 AM

Walters is conveniently forgetting the fact that Willie Brown was elected Speaker in 1980 with a substantial number of *Republican* votes. If anyone was the pick of the Democratic establishment at the time it was Howard Berman, Brown's rival for the speakership at the time. Republicans have nobody to blame but themselves.

The rest of Walters' history is bunk, based on his fundamental premise that the problem with California politics is that too many damn people here dare vote for Democrats.

Posted by: Robert in Monterey at November 20, 2007 10:25 AM

Once again, Cavala is dead on, though there are some details I would argue with. Cavala does not emphasize enough that California's dysfunction is directly a result of the 2/3rds vote requirement put in by Prop 13 (which would be declared unconstitutional today by a conservative State Supreme Court by its many violations of the single subjet rule).

Notes:
I can't help but note it's ironic that Walters _blames_ a "competitive" court-ordered redistricting for legislative dysfunction, since that is, according to him, the cure-all for the legislature.

The term-limited legislature elected in court-ordered (and therefore "better") districts gave us such policies as electric deregulation and the car tax reduction, probably the two worst policy decisions of the legislature since it became full-time.

Cavala notes:

We have gridlock – not because the state is so large and heterogeneous – but because one major party has been seized by ideologues who view the failure of government as a goal.

But this "major" party only has any power because of the 2/3rds rule. This should have been declared a revisions by the State Supreme Court and tossed, as it has much more major consequences than any of the revisions they have tossed.

Posted by: publius at November 20, 2007 11:04 AM

While I agree with publius' attack on the 2/3 rule, it goes back further than Prop 13. The first 2/3 rule for state budgets came in 1933 for any budget that increased spending beyond 5%. In 1962 the 5% rule was dropped, meaning ANY budget needed 2/3 support in the Legislature. Prop 13 merely compounded the problem by adding a 2/3 rule for raising taxes.

In any case, the 2/3 rule is by far the biggest impediment to effective government in California. But because that rule helps Republican obstructionism, Walters won't raise a peep about it, as his only problem with CA government is that there are just too many Dems.

Posted by: Robert in Monterey at November 20, 2007 11:40 AM

Bob notes:

While I agree with publius' attack on the 2/3 rule, it goes back further than Prop 13. The first 2/3 rule for state budgets came in 1933 for any budget that increased spending beyond 5%. In 1962 the 5% rule was dropped, meaning ANY budget needed 2/3 support in the Legislature. Prop 13 merely compounded the problem by adding a 2/3 rule for raising taxes.

But the requirement for raising taxes is the important one--we've seen in the years of Republican rule in Washington that Republicans are very willing to spend, they just don't want to tax (creating deficits for our children--this is responsible government?). Gridlock is caused by the raising taxes 2/3rds vote--the Republicans would be glad for the Democrats to take the onus for raising taxes and then they would help spend the money (particularly for prisons).

Now, how a reduction in local property taxes can be considered as the same subject as a legislative requirement regarding raising taxes can both be considered as the same subject (aside from "taxation" in general) is beyond me, and the current court would have tossed it under single subject.

Posted by: publius at November 20, 2007 03:08 PM

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