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Prison Crowding Makes States Look to Rehabilitation
By Nathan Newman
Policy Director
Progressive States Network

State spending on corrections grew to $35.6 billion in 2006, a 10% increase over 2005 spending levels. This level of increase was higher than state growth in education or Medicaid and is due in large part to overcrowding, high rates of repeat offenses, or recidivism, and correctional employee health costs. In response, states are putting more funding behind rehabilitation programs, efforts to prevent recidivism, and reforming sentencing guidelines to make the time better fit the crime.
Kansas: Recognizing that incarceration without rehabilitation programs leads to higher rates of recidivism, Kansas enacted a law in May that will give grants to communities that reduce prisoner admissions by 20%, such as by reducing parole or probation violations which are leading causes of prison overcrowding. The law also allows some low-risk inmates to reduce their sentences up to 60 days for participating in education or counseling while in prison.
Supporters of the new legislation estimate that the $4.4 million investment will help the state put off new prison construction until 2016, rather than 2009 as estimated by officials.
Texas: Texas, which is second to California in prison population, has included in the state budget a plan to divert thousands of low-risk prisoners to rehabilition facilities. Many of these prisoners are DWI offenders and don't currently receive substance-abuse counseling. The plan will free up bed space in prisons and put off new construction.
Conversely, in California, where overcrowding and a 70% recidivism rate could soon cause the state to spend more on prisons than it does on higher education, the state has approved a plan to build facilities for an additional 40,000 inmates. While supporters of the plan say it includes rehabilitation services, such as education, job training, and counseling, reform advocates are unconvinced. The rehabilition services are far from assured because the state has not yet approved its budget, leaving many in the corrections community worried if politicians will follow through on funding commitments.
Elsewhere, states are revising their sentencing policies and focusing on rehabilition to reduce overcrowding and recidivism. At least 22 states have implemented sentencing reforms between 2004 and 2006 that aim to reduce incarceration rates. Efforts include drug treatment for abusers rather than incarceration, alternatives to jail time for non-violent offenders, and reforms to parole and probation policies to reduce both time served and recidivism.
For more information, check out the following resources:
NCSL - State Funding for Corrections in 2006 and 2007
Stateline - States seek alternatives to more prisons
Public Safety Performance Project
The Sentencing Project - Changing Directions? State Sentencing Reforms, 2004-2006
Nathan Newman, a lawyer and Ph.D., has an extensive history of supporting local policy campaigns, from coalition organizing work to drafting legislation. Prior to coming to Progressive States Network, he was Associate Counsel at the Brennan Center for Justice, Program Director of NetAction's Consumer Choice Campaign, co-director of the UC-Berkeley Center for Community Economic Research, and a labor and employment lawyer. He received his J.D. from Yale Law School and his Ph.D. in Sociology from the University of California at Berkeley and has written extensively about public policy and the legal system in a range of academic and popular journals. This article originally appeared as part of the Stateside Dispatch of Progressive States.
Comments
California is a "Jail time for any crime" state. Prop 36 is a crock because only those on a first offense single posession charge are eligble. Rehab under Prop 36 is not cost free as you pay according to income. Most if not all arrested have another charge added by zealous fine revenue enabling cops.
My son spent 7 days in Orange County Jail over a drug posession charge & paraphenalia. He is not able to get prop 36 or any other rehab treatment you have to pay through the nose for private enterprise organizations.
Keeping low crime offenders out of Jail is NOT happening due to the money making machine inmate numbers generate.
America presents intself to the world as a democratic nation where its people have human rights, understanding and care from its Government.
In reality America is a militant, lying, corrupt, human rights abuser on a grand scale.
Posted by: John Peterson at June 21, 2007 03:12 PM
Why is a prisoner, Jailed at OC Santa Ana central Jail being held, has appeared for 4 arraignments and as of Tuesday this week, try for a 5th because the DA's office has not done their job??
CA penal code states an arrested person must be arraigned within 72 hours. This has gone on for over a month thus far.
More prisoner abuse and non compliance with it's own laws, the California Government employees who enable this kind of human rights violation have much to answer for.
June 19, 2007 OC Superior courtroom W14, no I cannot recall the inmates name but was stunned to hear all this while the judge sent him right back to his cell.
Posted by: Brandon Pettit at June 21, 2007 03:50 PM
Rehabilitation makes a lot more sense than incarceration, which has a positive effect on very few people. Instead of costing money, free, rehabilitated people will be paying taxes. Alcohol addiction, as well as drug addiction, ruins lives and costs money to families whether or not the addicted family member has been charged with a crime and imprisoned. I'm willing to have my taxes used to treat everyone who wants substance abuse treatment, whether they're in jail or not. I'm also willing to pay for mental health care for everyone who needs it, whether they're in jail or not. I'd like to prevent crime, as well as rehabilitate those who have committed crimes.
Posted by: Maura Larkins at June 22, 2007 10:14 PM
Sending probation violators to prison is an ongoing error committed everyday by the courts in Los Angeles, CA. Instead I think community service monitored by the Sheriff's Dept. would greatly benefit not only the community but also the offender. Of course we should attempt to have the offender pay for the cost of this type of justice. Putting people in prison for probation violations is a total waste of the tax payer's money. We also need to stop empowering probation officier's to think they are the next best thing to God. Many of the probation officier's I have had the experience of encountering feel they are God like and you must obey or be striken down as an example of their almighty power. It was always my understanding that the probation officier was there to guide you in the right direction not to keep slamming doors in your face and exerting their power. Probation Officer's everywhere "Check Yourself"
Posted by: G G at June 25, 2007 12:34 PM
Here's a website you may find useful. http://www.addicted.com is a site for friends, families, and those who suffer from various addictions.
Posted by: rehabilitation services at July 11, 2007 04:19 PM
There is no such thing as "treatment"! That's another scam they created to get the big bucks! It's all forced 12 step religious conversion...God will change you crap. People need real opportunity and real education. They classify training as "resume class"....people need real training so they can PUT SOMETHING ON THEIR RESUME!
Posted by: August at September 28, 2007 09:27 PM
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