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Frank D. Russo

The California Progress Report is published by Frank D. Russo, a longtime observer of and participant in California politics.

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Remember These Facts the Next Time a Claim is Made that Businesses are Leaving California Because of "Job Killing Bills" and "The Business Climate"

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By Frank D. Russo

A new study has just been released today by the Public Policy Institute of California (PPIC) showing that claims that California is losing employment because businesses are leaving the state is misleading when one considers the new businesses coming into the state and ones being created here. Remember this study the next time some advance in this state for workers in wages or health benefit or cleaning up the air and water of this state is called a "job killer" by the CalChamber (the new name being used by what used to be the California Chamber of Commerce.)

"Are California's Companies Shifting Their Employment to Other States?" has 50 pages of economic data and charts that should lay to rest the trickle down arguments that are made about the state's "business climate" and the like, year after year. In announcing its findings, the PPIC says the following:

Claims that California is losing employment because its businesses are choosing to expand in other states – rather than staying put – are inaccurate, according to a study released today by the Public Policy Institute of California (PPIC). Building on previous PPIC research that found state employment has not suffered from business relocation, the new study shows it also is not being hurt by companies shifting jobs to other states.

and

While some California firms have moved operations to other places in the nation, the effect is more than offset by companies based in other states moving operations and jobs into California – especially recently. The overall result of business operations moving in and out is that California’s share of national employment has remained roughly constant – and even risen between 2000 and 2004 when concerns about the business climate were raised most strongly.

As one of the authors of the study, Jed Kolko, put it, "Overall, the two-way dynamic more than cancels out employment losses."

Here are a couple more nuggets from the report itself:

This evidence has two key implications. First, any policy responses to concerns over the business climate were likely badly misdirected if they emphasized business relocation. Second, business relocation is not an informative indicator or “barometer” of the business climate. Instead, we are likely to learn much more about employment change in California by focusing on births, deaths, expansions, and contractions. [page 1]

In our view, this evidence has two implications. First, it seems difficult to interpret the shift of the locus of employment of California-headquartered firms to out of state as a reflection of a deteriorating California business climate in the state in recent years. Given that this shift was sharpest during the economic boom of the late 1990s, it cannot be attributed to business climate problems unless one is willing to argue that the business climate was worse during that period, which strikes us as implausible. [page 13]

Last June, the CalChamber issued a list of 32 "job killer" bills then pending in the California legislature--all of them by Democratic authors, a number of them subsequently signed by Governor Schwarzenegger. Among them the landmark global warming bill and a raise in the minimum wage. This year it will probably be universal health care. If history is any guide they will want present us with the same false choices between clean air and jobs and the like.

This tired old argument is also being made in other states--that they need to eliminate the positive steps their laws have made for their residents--in attempts to gin up a race to the bottom to remain "competitive." I would argue that the progressive advances that California has made--and must continue to strive for in the future--,is precisely what makes our state attractive to live and work in and that we must resist this siren's call. We need to invest in our education, infrastructure, and ourselves to be strong.

By the way, this is not the first time that the PPIC has released as study debunking the "jobs are leaving the state" argument. Last year in June they issued a 36 page report, "Interstate Business Relocation: An Industry-Level Analysis", which was criticized by the Chamber and their fellow travelers. So, you find a curious reference in today's report:

Business groups responding to our earlier research suggested that this was occurring, based in part on anecdotal or limited survey evidence,3 and we wanted to explore more systematic evidence on this hypothesis. [page 2]

Just so you know the source of this report, The Public Policy Institute of California is a private, nonprofit organization dedicated to improving public policy in California through independent, objective, nonpartisan research on major economic, social, and political issues. The institute was established in 1994 with an endowment from William R. Hewlett.

Posted on February 15, 2007

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